Education in Indonesia (also Java) is the responsibility of the Ministry of National Education of Indonesia (Departemen Pendidikan Nasional Republik Indonesia/Depdiknas). Education in Indonesia was previously the responsibility of the Ministry of Education and Culture of Indonesia (Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia/Depdikbud). In Indonesia, every citizen has to have nine years of education, six years at elementary level and three in middle school.
Based on 2002 cencus, literacy level in Indonesia: 87,9%.
Indonesian Constitution
"Every citizen shall have the right to obtain education and the government shall establish and conduct a national education system which shall be regulated by the state. Struggling under the shift of political system and economic structure, and the shift from centralized concentration of power development to decentralization, the government of Indonesia through the Ministry of National Education has done efforts to maintain the existing education development achievement, to prepare high quality of human resources, and to make some adjustment toward the national education system in line with the implementation of decentralization."
Primary education
Early childhood:
From birth until the age of 5, Indonesian children do not generally have access to formal education. From the age of 5 to 6 or 7, they attend kindergarten (Taman Kanak-kanak). This education is not compulsory for Indonesian citizens, as most of the intention of this is to prepare them for primary school. These days, most kindergartens are owned by a private school, with more than 49 thousand kindergartens, 99.35% of the total kindergartens in Indonesia[1]. The kindergarten years are usually divided into 2, "Class A" and "Class B" with a year of each class.
Elementary School:
An elementary school uniform in Indonesia. Children ages 7-12 attend Sekolah Dasar (SD) (literally Elementary School). This level of education is compulsory for all Indonesian citizens, based on the national constitution. Quite different with kindergartens in Indonesia, most elementary schools are owned by the government, or public school, with 93% of all elementary schools. Similar to education in the U.S. and Australia, all students have to study for six years to pass this level, although some schools have offered an acceleration program, where students can finish the elementary school for just five years. This can be done with students with a higher intelligence quotient (IQ).
Middle School:
Middle School, generally known by the abbreviation "SMP" (Sekolah Menengah Pertama) is part of primary education in Indonesia. Students attend Middle School for three years from 13 - 15 years of age. After three years of schooling and graduation, students may move on to High School or College, or cease formal education. There are around 22,000 schools in Indonesia with a balanced ownership between the public and private sector.
High School:
Based on the national constitution, Indonesian citizens do not have to attend high school as the minimum requirement is 9 years education. This is also reflected by the number of high schools in Indonesia, with just slightly below 9,000 schools.
Tertiary education:
After graduation from High school or college, students may attend a university.
Related Links in the Facts About Java Section
Jumat, 28 November 2008
Kamis, 27 November 2008
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A huge earthquake happened in Yogyakarta on Saturday morning, May 27th 2006, those happen were not just only damaged thousands of homes and buildings, even more than 1500 school building were destroyed, more than 6.234 people dead and left thousands handicap children, traumatic and unapparent.
Based on those terrible matter, Forum Transformasi Pendidikan Yogyakarta (FTPI) Yogyakarta on the first time, straight to communicated and coordinated with some Ashoka Fellows also with college students in Yogyakarta and other cities, then at the second day some Ashoka Fellows jump into the field to started their activities, such as; giving food aids, clothes and assisting children, under many weakness and limited facilities, because over the first week after there were no electricity and communication facilities.
The first earthquake impact needed by children are emergency help include a traumatic healing, medicines, foods and clothes.
On the next step, they need how to back to school under safety condition and fun. For this activity they need such as school kits, learning textbooks, uniform, etc.
Next recovery level is how to develop children potency also give them any entertainment as a games, educational movies, story telling and facilitating mobile library. However for the teenagers we need to add more activities in order they not only spent their time unused. They have to prepare their own life by facilitating life skill educational, either such as school cooperation, Student Research, leadership and their skills depending on each potency and environmental hood. (IT, handicraft, home industry)
Aims
Give an alternative traumatic healing and learning process for Yogyakarta’s children impacted by earthquake.
Output
Outputs of those activities are:
1. Releasing traumatic from 500 children
2. Facilitating for 1.500 children of school kits, books, backpacks, both school and sport uniform.
3. 2.000 children can access for library, educational movies, story telling and any educational toys and games.
4. Vocational education for 3.000 teenagers.
5. Facilitating 5.000 handbooks how to escape and survive from Earthquake and tsunami.
Beneficiaries
The beneficiaries of those activities are children by 2.5 years to 18 years old people.
Time and Location
All activities should spread around Yogyakarta City which affected by earthquake.
No Activities Time Budget
1 Traumatic healing May 30th to July 31st
2 Facilitating school kits August 1st to Sept 30th
3 Existing mobile library, movie and toys/games. Start on Oct 1st.06
4 Life Skill – Vocational Education Start on Jan 1st.07
5 Catastrophe Management Study for Children Start on Jan 1st.07
Monitoring – Evaluation and report
Action monitoring will do continuously to enhance an output and program aims, also for increasing quality of the program.
Field Monitoring will do one in week, also will review completely every month, and on September and December 2006 will do participative result assessment.
Both all activities and data will be reported continuously both to GlobalGiving, and personally to donors and Ashoka.
Experiences
With an experiences involving FTPI in Recovery of Aceh, makes a lot of experiences may be taken, hopefully those Program above in Yogyakarta can be more realized for children.
There are some important note about differences between Yogyakarta Community and Aceh, Yogyakarta people have higher of Gathering Cultural and spirit to study than Aceh people. Beside of this both infrastructure and communication facilities were exist.
Based on those terrible matter, Forum Transformasi Pendidikan Yogyakarta (FTPI) Yogyakarta on the first time, straight to communicated and coordinated with some Ashoka Fellows also with college students in Yogyakarta and other cities, then at the second day some Ashoka Fellows jump into the field to started their activities, such as; giving food aids, clothes and assisting children, under many weakness and limited facilities, because over the first week after there were no electricity and communication facilities.
The first earthquake impact needed by children are emergency help include a traumatic healing, medicines, foods and clothes.
On the next step, they need how to back to school under safety condition and fun. For this activity they need such as school kits, learning textbooks, uniform, etc.
Next recovery level is how to develop children potency also give them any entertainment as a games, educational movies, story telling and facilitating mobile library. However for the teenagers we need to add more activities in order they not only spent their time unused. They have to prepare their own life by facilitating life skill educational, either such as school cooperation, Student Research, leadership and their skills depending on each potency and environmental hood. (IT, handicraft, home industry)
Aims
Give an alternative traumatic healing and learning process for Yogyakarta’s children impacted by earthquake.
Output
Outputs of those activities are:
1. Releasing traumatic from 500 children
2. Facilitating for 1.500 children of school kits, books, backpacks, both school and sport uniform.
3. 2.000 children can access for library, educational movies, story telling and any educational toys and games.
4. Vocational education for 3.000 teenagers.
5. Facilitating 5.000 handbooks how to escape and survive from Earthquake and tsunami.
Beneficiaries
The beneficiaries of those activities are children by 2.5 years to 18 years old people.
Time and Location
All activities should spread around Yogyakarta City which affected by earthquake.
No Activities Time Budget
1 Traumatic healing May 30th to July 31st
2 Facilitating school kits August 1st to Sept 30th
3 Existing mobile library, movie and toys/games. Start on Oct 1st.06
4 Life Skill – Vocational Education Start on Jan 1st.07
5 Catastrophe Management Study for Children Start on Jan 1st.07
Monitoring – Evaluation and report
Action monitoring will do continuously to enhance an output and program aims, also for increasing quality of the program.
Field Monitoring will do one in week, also will review completely every month, and on September and December 2006 will do participative result assessment.
Both all activities and data will be reported continuously both to GlobalGiving, and personally to donors and Ashoka.
Experiences
With an experiences involving FTPI in Recovery of Aceh, makes a lot of experiences may be taken, hopefully those Program above in Yogyakarta can be more realized for children.
There are some important note about differences between Yogyakarta Community and Aceh, Yogyakarta people have higher of Gathering Cultural and spirit to study than Aceh people. Beside of this both infrastructure and communication facilities were exist.
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